Contrary to the old warning that time waits for no one, time slows down when you are on the move. It also slows down more as you move faster, which means astronauts (宇航员) someday may (1) _______ so long in space that they would return to an Earth of the (2) _______ future. If you could move at the speed of light, your time would stand still. If you could move faster than light, your time would move (3) _______.
    Although no form of matter yet (4) _______ moves as fast as or faster than light, (5) _______ experiments have already confirmed that accelerated (6) _______ causes a traveler's time to be stretched. Albert Einstein (7) _______ this in 1905, when he (8) _______ the concept of relative time as part of his Special Theory of Relativity. A search is now under way to confirm the suspected existence of particles of matter (9) ________________________________.
    An obsession (沉迷) with time – saving, gaining, wasting, losing, and mastering it —(10) ______________________. Humanity also has been obsessed with trying to capture the meaning of time. Einstein (11) _____________________. Thus, time and time's relativity are measurable by any hourglass, alarm clock, or an atomic clock that can measure a billionth of a second.

如图，为的直径，切于点，交的延长线于，且，则（ ）.

北京时间2011年3月11日13时46分，在日本本州岛以东海域发生了里氏9.0级的地震，强震引发了海啸和核泄漏。阅读材料，回答问题。
    材料一  日本主要工业区分布示意图
    材料二  日本及附近地区的火山、地震带示意图

如图，点，，，在上，，与相交于点，，延长到点，使，连接.

（1）证明：；

（2）试判断直线与的位置关系，并给出证明．

（7分）有一包白色固体可能含碳酸钠、硫酸钠、氯化钾、硝酸钡、氢氧化钠中的一种或几种。某化学兴趣小组为探究其成分做了以下实验：
Ⅰ．取少量固体于烧杯中，逐渐加水并不断搅拌，烧杯内固体的质量随加入水的质量的变化如图1所示；
Ⅱ．取少量B点时的清液于试管中，滴加酚酞溶液，酚酞溶液不变色；
Ⅲ．继续向烧杯中滴加稀硝酸并不断搅拌，烧杯内固体的质量随加入稀硝酸的质量的变化如图2所示。

请回答下列问题：
（1）BC段可观察到的现象是__________， 从C到D液体的___（填“增大”、“减小”或“不变”）；
（2）原白色固体中一定含有____，可能含有_______；
（3）D点时，溶液中一定含有的溶质是____________；
（4）为进一步探究该白色固体的成分，该组同学取少量原固体样品于试管中，加足量水溶解，加____，过滤；再向滤液中加______，观察现象.