Quite often, educators tell families of children who are learning English as a second language to speak only English, and not their native language, at home. Although these educators may have good (1) ______, their advice to families is misguided, and it (2) ______ from misunderstandings about the process of language acquisition. Educators may fear that children hearing two languages will become (3) ______ confused and thus their language development will be (4) ______ this concern is not documented in the literature. Children are capable of learning more than one language, whether (5) ______ or sequentially(依次地). In fact, most children outside of the United States are expected to become bilingual or even, in many cases, multilingual. Globally, knowing more than one language is viewed as an (6) ______ and even a necessity in many areas.
It is also of concern that the misguided advice that students should speak only English is given primarily to poor families with limited educational opportunities, not to wealthier families who have many educational advantages. Since children from poor families often are (7) ______ as at-risk for academic failure, teachers believe that advising families to speak English only is appropriate. Teachers consider learning two languages to be too (8) ______ for children from poor families, believing that the children are already burdened by their home situations.
If families do not know English or have limited English skills themselves, how can they communicate in English? Advising non-English-speaking families to speak only English is (9) ______ to telling them not to communicate with or interact with their children. Moreover, the (10) ______ message is that the family's native language is not important or valued.
| A) asset B) delayed C) deviates D) equivalent E) identified F) intentions G) object H) overwhelming I) permanently J) prevalent K) simultaneously L) stems M) successively N) underlying O) visualizing |
Directions:
Study the following photos carefully and write an essay in which you should
(1) describe the photos briefly,
(2) interpret the social phenomenon reflected by them, and
(3) give your point of view.
You should write 160-200 words neatly on the ANSWER SHEET.
图一 把崇拜写在脸上 图二 花300元做个“小贝头”
注：Beckham（贝克汉姆）：英国足球明星。
Sporting activities are essentially modified forms of hunting behavior. Viewing biologically, the modern (S1) footballer is revealed as a member of a disguised hunting pack. His killing weapon has turned into a harmless football and his prey into a goal-mouth. If his aim is inaccurate and he (S2)scores a goal, enjoys the hunter’s triumph of killing his prey. (S3)
To understand how this transformation has taken place we must briefly look up at our ancient ancestors. They spent over a (S4) million year evolving as co-operative hunters. Their very survival (S5) depended on success in the hunting-field. Under this pressure their whole way of life, even if their bodies, became radically (S6) changed. They became chasers, runners, jumpers, aimers, throwers and prey-killers. They co-operate as skillful male-group (S7) attackers.
Then, about ten thousand years ago, when this immensely (S8) long formative period of hunting for food, they became farmers.
Their improved intelligence, so vital to their old hunting life, were put to a new use-that of penning （把 ...... 关在圈中）, (S9) controlling and domesticating their prey. The food was there on the farms, awaiting their needs. The risks and uncertainties of farming were no longer essential for survival. (S10)
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