You probably know who Marie Curie was,but you may not have heard of Rachel Carson. Of the outstanding ladies listed below,who do you think was the most important woman of the past 100 years?

Jane Addams(1860-1935)
    Anyone who has ever been helped by a social worker has Jane Addams to thank. Addams helped the poor and worked for peace. She encouraged a sense of community(社区)by creating shelters and promoting education and services for people in need. In 1931,Addams became the first American woman to win the Nobel Peace Prize.

Rachel Carson(1907-1964)
    If it weren’t for Rachel Carson, the environmental movement might not exist today. Her popular 1962 book Silent Spring raised awareness of the dangers of pollution and the harmful effects of chemicals on humans and on the world’s lakes and oceans.

Sandra Day O’Connor(1930-present)
    When Sandra Day O’Connor finished third in her class at Stanford Law School, in 1952,she could not find work at a law firm because she was a woman. She became an Arizona state senator(参议员) and ,in 1981, the first woman to join the U. S. Supreme Court. O’Connor gave the deciding vote in many important cases during her 24 years on the top court.

Rosa Parks(1913-2005)
    On December 1,1955,in Montgomery,Alabama,Rasa Parks would not give up her seat on a bus to a passenger. Her simple act landed Parks in prison. But it also set off the Montgomery bus boycott. It lasted for more than a year, and kicked off the civil-rights movement. “The only tired I was, was tired of giving in,” said Parks.

Grandparents Answer a Call

    As a third-generation native of Brownsville, Texas, Mildred Garza never planned to move away. Even when her daughter and son asked her to move to San Antonio to help with their children, she politely refused. Only after a year of friendly discussion did Ms. Garza finally say yes. That was four years ago. Today all three generations regard the move as a success,giving them a closer relationship than they would have had in separate cities.
    No statistics show the number of grandparents like Garza who are moving closer to adult children and grandchildren. Yet there is evidence suggesting that the trend is growing. Even President Obama’s mother-in-law, Marian Robinson, has agreed to leave Chicago and move into the White House to help care for her granddaughters. According to a study by grandparents.com, 83 percent of the people said Mrs. Robinson’s decision will influence grandparents in the American family. Two-thirds believe more families will follow the example of Obama’s family.
    “In the 1960s we were all a little wild and couldn’t get away from home far enough or fast enough to prove we could do it on our own,” says Christine Crosby, publisher of Grand,a magazine for grandparents. “We now realize how important family is and how important it is to be near them, especially when you’re raising children.”
    Moving is not for everyone. Almost every grandparent wants to be with his or her grandchildren and is willing to make sacrifices, but sometimes it is wiser to say no and visit frequently instead. Having your grandchildren far away is hard, especially knowing your adult child is struggling, but giving up the life you know may be harder.

    I am Peter Hodes,a volunteer stem courier. Since March 2012, I’ve done 89 trips— of those , 51 have been abroad, I have 42 hours to carry stem cells (干细胞) in my little box because I’ve got two ice packs and that’s how long they last.In all, from the time the stem cells are harvested from a donor (捐献者) to the time they can be implanted in the patient, we’ve got 72 hours at most, So I am always conscious of time.
    I had one trip last year where I was caught by a hurricane in America. I picked up the stem cells in Providence, Rhode Island, and was meant to fly to Washington then back to London. But when I arrived at the check-in desk at Providence, the lady on the desk said: “Well, I’m really sorry, I’ve got some bad news for you—there are no flights from Washington.” So I took my box and put it on the desk and I said: “In this box are some stem cells that are urgently needed for a patient —please, please, you’ve got to get me back to the United Kingdom.” She just dropped everything. She arranged for a flight on a small plane to be held for me. re-routed(改道)me through Newark and got me back to the UK even earlier than originally scheduled.
    For this courier job, you’re consciously aware that in that box you’ve got something that is potentially going to save somebody’s life.

    The meaning of silence varies among cultural groups. Silences may be thoughtful, or they may be empty when a person has nothing to say. A silence in a conversation may also show stubbornness, uneasiness, or worry. Silence may be viewed by some cultural groups as extremely uncomfortable; therefore attempts may be made to fill every gap(间隙)with conversation. Persons in other cultural groups value silence and view it as necessary for understanding a person’s needs.
    Many Native Americans value silence and feel it is a basic part of communicating among people, just as some traditional Chinese and Thai persons do. Therefore, when a person from one of these cultures is speaking and suddenly stops, what maybe implied(暗示) is that the person wants the listener to consider what has been said before continuing. In these cultures, silence is a call for reflection.
    Other cultures may use silence in other ways, particularly when dealing with conflicts among people or in relationships of people with different amounts of power. For example, Russian, French, and Spanish persons may use silence to show agreement between parties about the topic under discussion. However, Mexicans may use silence when instructions are given by a person in authority rather than be rude to that person by arguing with him or her. In still another use, persons in Asian cultures may view silence as a sign of respect, particularly to an elder or a person in authority.
    Nurses and other care-givers need to be aware of the possible meanings of silence when they come across the personal anxiety their patients may be experiencing. Nurses should recognize their own personal and cultural construction of silence so that a patient’s silence is not interrupted too early or allowed to go on unnecessarily. A nurse who understands the healing(治愈) value of silence can use this understanding to assist in the care of patients from their own and from other cultures.

    Secret codes (密码)keep messages private. Banks, companies, and government agencies use secret codes in doing business, especially when information is sent by computer.
    People have used secret codes for thousands of years. (1) _____ Code breaking never lags(落后) far behind code making. The science of creating and reading coded messages is called cryptography.
    There are three main types of cryptography. (2) _____ For example, the first letters of “My elephant eats too many eels” Spell out the hidden message “Meet me.”
    (3) _____ You might represent each letter with a number, for example. Let’s number the letters of the alphabet, in order, from 1 to 26. If we substitute a number for each letter, the message “Meet me” would read “13 5 5 20 13 5.”
    A code uses symbols to replace words, phrases, or sentences. To read the message of a real code, you must have a code book. (4) _____ For example, “bridge” might stand for “meet” and “out” might stand for “me.” The message “Bridge out” would actually mean “Meet me.” (5) _____ However, it is also hard to keep a code book secret for long. So codes must be changed frequently.

A Heroic Driver

    Larry works with Transport Drivers, Inc. One morning in 2009, Larry was (1) _____ along I65 north after delivering to one of his (2) _____ .Suddenly, he saw a car with its bright lights on. (3) _____ he got closer, he found (4) _____ vehicle upside down on the road. One more look and he noticed (5) _____ shooting out from under the (6) _____ vehicle. Larry pulled over, set the brake and (7) _____ the fire extinguisher (灭火器). Two good bursts from the extinguisher and the fire was put out.
    The man who had his bright lights on (8) _____ and told Larry he had (9) _____ an emergency call. They (10) _____ heard a woman’s voice coming from the wrecked (毁坏的) vehicle. (11) _____ the vehicle, they saw that a woman was trying to get out of the broken window. They told her to stay (12) _____ until the emergency personnel arrived, (13) _____ she thought the car was going to (14) _____ . Larry told her that he had already put out the fire and she should not move (15) _____ she injured her neck.
    Once fire and emergency people arrived, Larry and the other man (16) _____ and let them go to work. Then, Larry asked the (17) _____ if he was needed or (18) _____ to go. They let him and the other man go.
    One thing is (19) _____ Larry went above and beyond the call of duty by getting so close to the burning vehicle! His (20) _____ most likely saved the woman’s life.

    Chengdu has dozens of new millionaires, Asia’s biggest building, and fancy new hotels. But for tourists like me, pandas are its top (1) _____ (attract).
    So it was a great honour to be invited backstage at the not-for-profit Panda Base, where ticket money helps pay for research, I (2) _____ (allow) to get up close to these cute animals at the 600-acre centre. From tomorrow, I will be their UK ambassador. The title will be (3) _____   (official) given to me at a ceremony in London. But my connection with pandas goes back (4) _____ my days on a TV show in the mid-1980s, (5) _____ I was the first Western TV reporter (6) _____ (permit) to film a special unit caring for pandas rescued from starvation in the wild. My ambassadorial duties will include (7) _____ (introduce) British visitors to the 120-plus pandas at Chengdu and others at a research in the misty mountains of Bifengxia.
    On my recent visit, I held a lively three-month-old twin that had been rejected by  (8) _____ (it) mother. The nursery team switches him every few (9) _____ (day) with his sister so that while one is being bottle-fed, (10) _____ other is with mum―she never suspects.

    假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。
文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

    My uncle is the owner of a restaurant close to that I live. Though not very big,but the restaurant is popular in our area. It is always crowded with customers at meal times. Some people even had to wait outside. My uncle tells me that the key to his success is honest. Every day he makes sure that fresh vegetables or high quality oil are using for cooking. My uncle says that he never dreams becoming rich in the short period of time. Instead,he hopes that our business will grow steady.

    假定你是李华，暑假想去一家外贸公司兼职，已写好申请书和个人简历（resume）。给外教Ms Jenkins 写信，请她帮你修改所附材料的文字和格式（format）。
注意：
     （1）词数100左右；
     （2）可以适当增加细节，已使行文连贯。